Quiz

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Total 80 questions
Total time 2 hours
Passing at minimum 40 points

Full Name

Phone

Construct a binary tree using the following sequences:

Inorder: N, M, P, O, Q
Postorder: N, P, Q, O, M

Option A

Option C

Option B

Option D

None

What does a digital twin represent in IoT?

A software model of a physical object or process

A redundant device in the network

An encryption mechanism

A physical replica of an IoT device

None

Which directive is used to define macros in Embedded C?

#macro

#define

#ifdef

#include

None

Which of the following is a correct way to implement a thread-safe singleton in C++11?

Using std::mutex

Using std::call_once

Both a and b

Using double-checked locking with volatile keyword

None

What will be the output of the following code snippet?

var a = true + true + true * 3;
print(a)

Error

None

Which data structure is used for implementing LRU (Least Recently Used) cache?

Binary Search Tree

Stack

Hash Map with Doubly Linked List

Queue

None

In Node.js, which of the following is an in-built event emitter?

EventEmitter

EventYield

Events

EventLoop

None

Which of the following is true about std::shared_ptr?

It cannot be reset once assigned

It uses reference counting to manage ownership

None of the above

It does not support weak references

None

What does LPWAN stand for in IoT networks?

Low Protocol Wireless Access Network

Low Power Wireless Access Network

Long Protocol Wireless Area Network

Low Power Wide Area Network

None

10.

Which of the following are not server-side Javascript objects?

Function

Date

FileUpload

All of the above

None

11.

What is the default port number used by the MQTT protocol?

1883

443

None

12.

What is the Purpose of the Next Parameter in Express.js Middleware Functions?

It handles errors thrown by the middleware

It passes control to the next function in the stack

It terminates the middleware chain

It sets the HTTP response status code

None

13.

Which statement is incorrect regarding binary trees?

Let T be a binary tree with λ levels. Then T has no more than 2λ – 1 nodes

Let T be a binary tree. For every k ≥ 0, there are no more than 2k nodes in level k

Let T be a binary tree with N nodes. Then the number of levels is at least ceil(log (N + 1))

Let T be a binary tree with N nodes. Then the number of levels is at least floor(log (N + 1))

None

14.

Which of the following is a key feature of CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol)?

Designed for high bandwidth networks

Relies on TCP

Uses XML for message encoding

Based on UDP

None

15.

What is normalization in the context of databases?

The process of organizing data to minimize redundancy

The process of sorting data in ascending order

The process of creating backup copies of data

The process of encrypting data for security

None

16.

The prefix form of A-B/(C*D^E) is?

-ABCD*^DE

-A/BC*^DE

-/*^ACBDE

-A/B*C^DE

None

17.

What is the worst case time complexity of a sequence of n queue operations using the Multiqueue operation?

Multiqueue(Q)
{
m=k;
while(Q is not empty) and (m > 0)
{
DEQUEUE(Q)
m=m-1
}
}

θ(n²)

θ(n + k)

θ(nk)

θ(n)

None

18.

What does the emplace_back method do in a std::vector?

Both of the above

Constructs an object in-place at the back of the vector

Pushes an already constructed object at the back of the vector

None of the above

None

19.

Which sorting algorithm does std::sort use by default?

Hybrid Sort (Introsort)

Heap Sort

Merge Sort

Quick Sort

None

20.

In an embedded system, what does the volatile keyword indicate?

The variable is thread-safe.

The variable value can be changed unexpectedly.

The variable cannot be changed.

The variable is stored in cache memory.

None

21.

Which IoT platform is provided by Amazon?

IBM Watson IoT

Google IoT Core

Azure IoT Hub

AWS IoT Core

None

22.

What is used to handle code-splitting?

React.fallback

React.memo

React.lazy

React.split

None

23.

How do you Apply Middleware to Specific Routes in Express.js?

By passing it as an argument to the route handler function

By using the app.route() method

By using the app.use() method with a path argument

By using the app.use() method

None

24.

In which case is std::move most useful?

To avoid copying in resource transfer

To create a deep copy of an object

To compare two objects

To allocate memory dynamically

None

25.

What is the function of a message broker in IoT systems?

To update firmware of IoT devices

To manage communication between devices

To secure IoT devices from attacks

To store IoT device credentials

None

26.

What is the output of the following code snippet?

#include
#include
int main() {
std::vector v = {1, 2, 3, 4};
for (int &x : v) {
x *= 2;
}
for (int x : v) {
std::cout << x << " ";
}
return 0;
}

Undefined behavior

1 2 3 4

Compilation error

2 4 6 8

None

27.

Which of the following concepts make extensive use of arrays?

Binary trees

Spatial locality

Scheduling of processes

Caching

None

28.

What is the functionality of this code?

public int function(int data)
{
Node temp = head;
int var = 0;
while(temp != null)
{
if(temp.getData() == data)
{
return var;
}
var = var+1;
temp = temp.getNext();
}
return Integer.MIN_VALUE;

Find and return the position of the given element in the list

Find and insert a new element in the list

Find and return the given element in the list

Find and delete a given element in the list

None

29.

What does the noexcept specifier indicate in C++?

That a function is guaranteed not to throw exceptions

None of the above

That a function throws only standard exceptions

That a function will terminate if an exception is thrown

None

30.

What is the primary purpose of the std::enable_if template in C++?

To enable runtime polymorphism

To manage memory automatically

To improve compile-time error messages

To conditionally compile code based on template parameters

None

31.

In a binary search tree, what is the time complexity of finding the maximum or minimum element?

O(1)

O(log n)

O(n log n)

O(n)

None

32.

What is the primary role of a gateway in an IoT ecosystem?

To connect IoT devices to external networks

To update software on IoT devices

To encrypt all IoT data

To manage IoT device energy consumption

None

33.

In a balanced binary tree, the height difference between left and right subtrees for every node is:

At least 1

Arbitrary

Always 1

At most 1

None

34.

In IoT, what is the purpose of the publish-subscribe model?

Direct communication between two devices

Sending and receiving messages asynchronously

Persistent storage of messages

Real-time location tracking

None

35.

Which of the following is an advantage of using interrupts in Embedded C?

Avoids all hardware failures

Increases power consumption

Reduces response time to external events

Reduces code size

None

36.

What is the correct order of the phases in an embedded C program development cycle?

Debugging → Compilation → Execution → Linking

Compilation → Linking → Debugging → Execution

Linking → Compilation → Debugging → Execution

Execution → Debugging → Compilation → Linking

None

37.

What happens when a pointer to a NULL address is dereferenced in an embedded system?

The program continues execution normally.

It leads to undefined behavior or a crash.

The program throws a compilation error.

The pointer automatically points to a valid memory location.

None

38.

Which MongoDB command removes all documents from a collection without dropping it?

db.collection.drop()

db.collection.truncate()

db.collection.delete()

db.collection.remove({})

None

39.

Which series will be printed by the following pseudocode?

Integer a, b, c
Set b = 4, c = 5
for(each a from 2 to 4)
print c
b = b - 1
c = c + b
end for

8 9 10

3 6 9

5 8 10

1 3 6

None

40.

What is the purpose of ISR in an embedded system?

Input Signal Receiver

Interrupt Signal Reset

Interrupt Service Routine

Internal System Register

None

41.

Which of the following can cause undefined behavior in C++?

Accessing out-of-bounds indices in a std::vector

Modifying a std::set while iterating through it

Dereferencing a null pointer

All of the above

None

42.

Which of the following protocols is commonly used for inter-device communication in embedded systems?

FTP

DNS

HTTP

SPI

None

43.

What is the time complexity of finding an element in std::unordered_map?

O(n log n)

O(n)

O(log n)

O(1)

None

44.

Which of the following is the correct syntax for a lambda function in C++?

lambda(int x) { return x * x; }

None of the above

[ ](int x) { return x * x; }

function(int x) { return x * x; }

None

45.

Which of the following is the best data structure for implementing a priority queue?

Stack

Heap

Linked List

Binary Search Tree

None

46.

Which of the following sorting algorithms has the best worst-case time complexity?

Bubble Sort

Merge Sort

Quick Sort

Insertion Sort

None

47.

What will be the output of the following code snippet?

function(){
setTimeout(()=> console.log(1),2000);
console.log(2);
setTimeout(()=> console.log(3),0);
console.log(4);
})();

4321

2431

2341

1234

None

48.

Which programming language is most commonly used for IoT firmware development?

Python

Ruby

Java

C/C++

None

49.

What is the size of a char in most embedded systems?

4 bytes

2 bytes

1 bit

1 byte

None

50.

When is useReducer used over useState in React component?

none of the above

When we want to improve performance

When we want to replace redux

When we want to break our production app

None

51.

Which of the following terms commonly described react applications?

Integrated

Declarative

Imperative

closed

None

52.

What is the time complexity of inserting an element into a sorted linked list?

O(n log n)

O(n)

O(log n)

O(1)

None

53.

Which protocol provides device-to-device communication in IoT networks?

FTP

HTTPS

DNS

Zigbee

None

54.

What will be the output of the following code snippet? std::string s = "Hello"; std::reverse(s.begin(), s.end()); std::cout

Undefined behavior

Compilation error

Hello

olleH

None

55.

Which data structure is used for implementing recursion?

Tree

Linked List

Queue

Stack

None

56.

What command is used to insert a document into a collection in MongoDB?

db.collection.insertOne()

db.collection.put()

db.collection.insertDocument()

db.collection.add()

None

57.

Which of the following is NOT a valid storage class in Embedded C?

static

auto

thread

None

58.

What is the maximum number of symbols that will appear on the stack AT ONE TIME during the conversion of this infix expression to postfix: 4 + 3*(6*3-12)?

None

59.

What is the role of a device shadow in IoT?

Provides a virtual representation of an IoT device

Stores the real-time location of the device

Encrypts data between IoT devices

Acts as a backup device

None

60.

What is the significance of edge computing in IoT?

Processes data closer to the IoT devices

Increases latency in the network

Eliminates the need for local storage

Centralizes data processing in the cloud

None

61.

Which of the following is used to access a function fetch() from h1 element in JSX?

${fetch}

{fetch}

${fetch()}

{fetch()}

None

62.

Which of the following statements is true about MongoDB's schema design?

MongoDB only supports simple data types

MongoDB collections have no fixed schema, allowing flexible document structures

MongoDB requires a fixed schema for all collections

MongoDB enforces primary keys on all documents

None

63.

What is the difference between process.nextTick() and setImmediate()?

process.nextTick() executes after a timeout, while setImmediate() executes immediately.

process.nextTick() executes before the event loop continues, while setImmediate() executes after the current operation completes.

process.nextTick() executes after the current operation completes, while setImmediate() executes before the event loop continues.

process.nextTick() is used to schedule a timeout, while setImmediate() schedules I/O operations.

None

64.

What is the maximum number of nodes in a binary tree of height h?

2^(h-1)

h^2

2^(h+1) - 1

2^h - 1

None

65.

In a typical embedded system, what is the primary purpose of a watchdog timer?

To reset the system in case of a malfunction

To provide delay functionality

To manage power consumption

To schedule tasks

None

66.

What is Babel?

None of the above

JavaScript compiler

JavaScript transpiler

JavaScript interpreter

None

67.

Choose the component which should be overridden to stop the component from updating?

willComponentUpdate

shouldComponentUpdate

componentDidMount

componentDidUpdate

None

68.

What is the advantage of std::function over raw function pointers?

It can store stateful functors or lambda functions

None of the above

It cannot point to a static member function

It is not type-safe

None

69.

Which encryption method is commonly used to secure IoT device communication?

SHA-1

DES

MD5

AES

None

70.

How does std::unique_ptr differ from std::shared_ptr?

std::unique_ptr allows multiple ownership of an object

Both allow multiple ownership

std::shared_ptr allows multiple ownership of an object

None of the above

None

71.

What is the Event Loop in Node.js?

A data structure used for storing event listeners

A mechanism for handling HTTP requests

A feature for executing JavaScript code synchronously

A loop that iterates through events and executes callback functions

None

72.

What is the functionality of this code?

public void function(Node node)
{
if(size == 0)
head = node;
else
{
Node temp,cur;
for(cur = head; (temp = cur.getNext())!=null; cur = temp);
cur.setNext(node);
}
size++;
}

Inserting a node at the beginning of the list

Inserting a node at the end of the list

Deleting a node at the beginning of the list

Deleting a node at the end of the list

None

73.

Which protocol is most commonly used for lightweight communication in IoT?

HTTP

MQTT

FTP

SOAP

None

74.

What is the best-case time complexity of Quick Sort?

O(n^2)

O(n log n)

O(n)

O(log n)

None

75.

What is the primary advantage of a doubly linked list over a singly linked list?

Faster searching

Uses less memory

Easier implementation

Easier insertion and deletion from both ends

None

76.

What does the term "collision" mean in the context of hash tables?

The hash function does not exist.

Two keys map to the same hash value.

Two keys map to different hash values.

A key maps to a non-existent hash value.

None

77.

What will be the output of the following code snippet?

var a = "hello";
var sum = 0;
for(var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
sum += (a[i] - 'a'); }
print(sum);

None of the above

NaN

None

78.

Which of the following traversal techniques visits nodes level by level in a tree?

Depth First Search

Preorder Traversal

Breadth First Search

Inorder Traversal

None

79.

Which IoT board is best suited for low-power, battery-operated applications?

Raspberry Pi

ESP32

BeagleBone Black

Arduino Uno

None

80.

How do we send the message from one socket to another socket in Node.js?

socket.post()

socket.get()

socket.ref()

socket.send()

None